Defective spermatogenesis due to the failure in germ cell proliferation and differentiation is the major sign of male infertility pathogenesis; and male factor is involved in up to half of all infertile couples. Testicular torsion is an acute vascular event causing the rotation of the vascular pedicle of the testis. thereby impeding the blood flow to the testis and the scrotal content... https://www.opheliasmuse.com/